Human rights

Definition/short description

<Human rights is what each human of this planet deserves to be able to live freely and to live to the maximum, they are uniform for all and quiet basic common sense. the rule of the thumb is if one's actions are not harmful to another then that person is within his rights, and therefore may do whatever one wills. the humanrights basically stem from the concept of personal liberties with some responsibilites for the wellbeing of other around oneself because if one is not responsible then it can amount to criminal behavior>

Human rights are international norms to help to protect all people everywhere from severe political, legal and social abuses. some can be basic and others can be complicated that most of the societies in the world agree upon that a human being must have. It does not matter what one's religion,gender, sex or age is. The three most important and well-known are the right to property, freedom of religion,the right to a fair trial when charged with a crime, the right not to be tortured, and the right to participate in political activity. These rights exist in morality and in law at the national and international levels.

In depth

Human rights are an ideal focus for a consideration in the process of globalization.In the last sixty years a complex system of international law and practice, has raised up the idea that individuals possess rights simply by virtue of being human, of sharing in a common social integration.In the post-1945 era there are a number of global and regional treaties and declaration concerning human rights, and the emergence of non-governmental organizations NGO's such as Amnesty International. Moreover, governments such as that of the United Sates, and inter-governmental organizations INGO's, such as the International Monetary Fund, have increasingly seen it as a way to promote human rights. By the end of the Cold War, different dimensions of human rights came into discussion. Human beings possess rights to life, liberty,the secure possession of property, Intellectual property rights, the exercise of freedom of speech, which are inalienable-cannot be traded away-and unconditional-the only way acceptable reason for constraining any one individual is to protect the rights of another. Human rights fall into several different categories but they are all basic freedoms to which everyone on earth should be entitled. They may be civil and political freedoms such as the right to freedom and the right to life. These are two of the most basic human rights – some countries punish criminals by taking away the first of these (imprisonment) or even the second (capital punishment). Then there are rights which have more to do with the way we live our lives and the social and cultural make up of our communities such as the right to work and the right to have an education. The primary function of Government is to protect these rights. Political institutions are to be judged on their performance of this function, and political obligation rest on their succes in this. Political life is based on a kind implicit or explicit contract between people and Government. Human Rights are the Fundamental rights which humans have by the fact of being human, and which are neither created nor can be abrogated by any government. Supported by several international conventions and treaties (such as the United Nation's Universal Declaration of Human rights in 1948), these include cultural, economic, and political rights, such as right to life, liberty, education and equality before law, and right of association, belief, free speech, information, religion, movement, and nationality. Promulgation of these rights is not binding on any country, but they serve as a standard of concern for people and form the basis of many modern national constitutions.

The relevance of Human_rights for Migration and/or Migration Policy

Human rights are related to migration policy regarding the aspect of people that are forced to flee from their origin country and to became asylum seekers. All national social and economic policies became a matter for internationl regulation and the host country is obliged to respect and provide people in such situations with support and to help them to increase access to social rights. The international human rights regime is based on the idea that human rights should be intenationally protected.

Examples

Example: Political Rights The politics of rights are different according to whether constitutional or non-constitutional regimes are involved. In any of these situation, the international community rarely acts on human rights cases unless public opinion is present. No one shall be subject to torture or cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (UN Declaration Article 5, Convenant on Civil and Political Rights Article 7, Convention on Torture). A Euopean that is not satisfied with his or her treatment in the home country is able to continue a legal dispute trough an European Commission on Human Rights and European Court of Human Rights. In non-European countries governed by the rule of law , such actions are not present, but the notion of universal rights is at least known. But there are cases where governments and courts faile to provide its obligations to its citizens and those persons became asylum seekers.

Example: Economic Rights Economic and social rights are conceptually different from political rights, and present a more basic challenge to exisiting norms of sovereignty and non-intervention. The right of everyone to an adequate standard of living for himself and his family, including adequate food, clothing and housing, and to the continuous improvement of living conditions (Convenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Article 11.1). There are plenty of policies regarding the diminuation of world poverty as a tool for human rights regime, but the remedy is clearly in the hands of national governments.

Sources, further reading, links

• International Migration
• Human Rights and Migration

• Author, source 3 book title, edition, publisher, year, ISBN
• MICHELINE.R.ISHAY The Human Rights Reader ISBN 0-415-95160-7
• David Rboertson A Dictionary Of Human Rights ISBN 1857430239

Related Educational Pages

• IPMProject1