Hacker
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Definition
A hacker is someone who is involved in the security of computers and networks, specialized in finding exploits in systems (which can be used for prevention, or for exploitation), or in obtaining (or preventing) unauthorized access to computersystems through skills, tactics and/or knowledge.
In depth
Most of the time there are negative associations with the word hacker. However the intentions of hackers vary. To define what type a hacker is, it is common to use a 'hat'. It varies from white to black hats. It comes from the old western movies, where the good guys usually wore a white hat, whereas the bad guys wore a black hat. So in this case, white hats are the hackers that hack for improvement, black hats hack for exploitation.
The tools which hackers create and/or use vary. The main tools used by hackers and the most well known are the trojan horse and the virus/worm. The trojan horse is a program that camouflages itself as normal software, but is actually something else. What it is varies, it can be a backdoor into someones system, or an application that stores passwords. The virus or worm is a program that copies itself into other parts of the computer and take up massive amounts of system memory, causing the system to crash. Also there are sometimes bugs implemented causing the infected computer to malfunction.
The relevance for eGovernment
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Examples
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Sources, further reading, links
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