EGovernment
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Definition/short description
Egovernment are said to be any form of government that is digital and access means of information through the internet.
Introductory
e-Government (from electronic government, also known as e-gov, digital government, online government or in a certain context transformational government) refers to government’s use of information and communication technology (ICT) to exchange information and services with citizens, businesses, and other arms of government. e-Government may be applied by legislature, judiciary, or administration, in order to improve internal efficiency, the delivery of public services, or processes of democratic governance.
In depth
eGovernment emphasizes the electronic infrastructure. Although a lot of focus is usually given to the services going online, to be effective eGovernment depends on a 'digital citizen' to create an 'informed citizen.Electronic government (eGovernment) intersects many legislative issues,including privacy, digital divide (the lack of equal access to computers, whether due to a lack of financial resources or necessary skills), public access to government information, service delivery, and information security. E-government solutions are prominently represented in efforts to improve the management and efficiency of government information technology resources. To help policymakers discern eGovernment initiatives relative to their role in various issues, this report identifies and defines the principal e-government sectors and stages of development. It also outlines some of the opportunities and challenges associated with e-government. Some observers define e-government in terms of specific actions such as using a kiosk to receive job information, or applying for Social Security benefits through a web site. Other observers define e-government more generally as automating the delivery of government services. While perceptions vary widely, one organization, The Gartner Group, summarizes e-government as “the continuous optimization of service delivery, constituency participation, and governance by transforming internal and external relationships through technology, the Internet, and new media.” E-government initiatives could have implications for federalism. One of the hallmarks of a federal system of governance is the emphasis on vertical divisions of power. In contrast, e-government initiatives utilize information technologies that emphasize a horizontal, or networked, model of communication and interaction.
While e-government is designed, in part, to dissolve the barriers separating different agencies, it could also have a similar effect on the boundaries of federal governance. Although e-government encompasses a wide range of activities and actors, three distinct sectors can be identified. These include government-to-government (G2G), government-to-business (G2B), and government-to-citizen (G2C). Each of these sectors represents a different combination of motivating forces and initiatives. However, some common goals include improving the efficiency, reliability, and quality of services for the respective constituency groups. Due to a variety of technical, economic, and political reasons, e-government initiatives take time to evolve into their full potential. Consequently, one can divide e-government projects into four stages of evolution: presence, interaction, transaction, and transformation. Each successive stage represents an augmented capability to provide information and services as interactive transactions online.
Examples
Sources, further reading, links
- weblink to source 1
- weblink to source 2
- Author, source 3 book title, edition, publisher, year, ISBN
